To apply for the visa the applicant will need a copy of their id or passport and a copy of your (visitor’s) passport (a scan will do), a letter from the applicant’s own sponsor (i.e. their employer) and proof of their relationship such as birth certificates. They also need two photographs of yours (visitor).

He need to apply at the Gharaffa immigration department near Landmark Mall.

You may need an exit visa from KSA (al kharooj) same thing applies in Qatar, if you are in Qatar for more than 14 days you will need an exit visa plus if you stay longer than a month then you would need to get a medical exam.

Once you have a visa in your possession you may travel from anywhere in the world that has the airport, except from your own home country, because once again, the law is strict to protect its citizens.

Rules are pretty straight forward and somewhat closer alike to KSA.