Hi

I have recently moved to Doha and had the same issue.

As per the rent a car companies, you can only drive 7 days from landing on your Canadian or any other international licence, in those 7 days, you can go to traffic department and apply for temporary driving licence which is valid for six month, you do need a no object letter from your sponsor if you have entered the country on a work visa.

Once you resident visa is stamped on the passport go back to the traffic department and they will issue you a Qatari driving licence.

if you have any further question, please don't hesitate to message me.

Safe journey and welcome to Qatar.

Warm Regards