Yes, you can use the international credit cards for purchase in Qatar.
From SBI and other banks, you can get a viswa yatra travel cards. you can pre-load the card with money before coming to Qatar. If you need more cash later on, you can requst somebody to transfer money to that card number easily.
Once after coming to Qatar, you can send money to any bank in India through authorised money transfer agents.
You need to get the bank account details.
It is easy, do not worry.