Dude, Sorry for hear that, You need must NOC to get another Job here in Qatar , otherwise you must wait 2 year. If this resign is not from your side/problem, you can ask to your sponsor good way/friendly , and tell to him, you need find another job here in Qatar, so please provide me NOC. but this resign is from your side, may be he will not accept your request. any way this is depends on your sponsor. If he will give you, you are the lucky one, If no forget Qatar only for 2 years.
Good luck