Pilots can (and have been) frequently fired for not wearing their caps along with the rest of their uniform. This includes when they are in Qatar Airways tower too.

You don't get to be a 5 star airline by allowing people to rock up to work looking messy and untidy, with bad hair, the wrong lipstick, visible tattoos etc.

As for the question in the OP - is there human right in Qatar? The "human right" to have henna on your hands? Well the answer to that is no, you don't have a right to turn up to work covered in henna.