It is customary for the universities in Doha to pay for employees' housing, transportation, flights, and health care. If this is not part of your package I would inquire very diligently as to why it is not. You really don't want to be on your own when it comes to navigating the basics here. You absolutely will need a car and one bedroom apartments tend to be generally in the lower-rent districts. You mention a salary of approx 16,000 QR a month. Most Americans working for US universities here are being paid more than that in just provided housing. Their salary would be on top of that. The rule of thumb is a competitive salary in the US plus 25% plus housing, transportation, health care, schooling for kids, etc.
Mandi