You go back to India without informing them? What do you mean by this, how was it possible for you? First of all, you should have an "exit permit" to leave the Qatar, which means they're aware of you leaving the country.

And regarding your question if they can create trouble for you? NO, so long you dont have any debts or issues that needs to settled off with them. You were on business visa and already exit the country, only cancellation of work or permanent visa are banned for 2yrs.